自己慢慢写吧！！我去过鸟巢内部。很壮观！！只有英文~~
Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium)
The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be host to the Opening and Closing ceremonies. In 2002 Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators during the Olympics, but this will be reduced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (422,873,850 USD/ 325,395,593 EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004.
In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst reducing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings will continue once again in the beginning of 2005.
In depth
The stadium's appearance is one of synergy, with no distinction made between the facade and the superstructure. The structural elements mutually support each other and converge into a grid-like formation - almost like a bird's nest with its interwoven twigs. The spatial effect of the stadium is novel and radical, yet simple and of an almost archaic immediacy, thus creating a unique historical landmark for the Olympics of 2008.
The stadium was conceived as a large collective vessel, which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression both from a distance and when seen from up close. It meets all the functional and technical requirements of an Olympic National Stadium, but without communicating the insistent sameness of technocratic architecture dominated by large spans and digital screens.
Visitors walk through this formation and enter the spacious ambulatory that runs full circle around the stands. From there, one can survey the circulation of the entire area including the stairs that access the three tiers of the stands. Functioning like an arcade or a concourse, the lobby is a covered urban space with restaurants and stores that invite visitors to stroll around. Just as birds stuff the spaces between the woven twigs of their nests with a soft filler, the spaces in the structure of the stadium will be filled with inflated ETFE cushions. Originally, on the roof, the cushions were to be mounted on the outside of the structure to make the roof completely weatherproof, but the roof has been omitted from the design in 2004.
While the rain was to be collected for rainwater recuperation, the sunlight was to filter through the translucent roof, providing the lawn with essential ultraviolet radiation. On the facade, the inflated cushions will be mounted on the inside of the structure where necessary, e.g. to provide wind protection. Since all of the facilities -- restaurants, suites, shops and restrooms -- are all self-contained units, it is possible to do largely without a solid, enclosed facade. This allows for natural ventilation of the stadium, which is the most important aspect of the stadium's sustainable design.
The sliding roof was an integral part of the stadium structure. When it was to be closed, it would have converted the stadium into a covered arena; however, the sliding roof was eliminated in an effort to cut costs and increase overall safety of the radical new structure.
Beijing National Stadium (Bird's Nest/Olympic Stadium)
The Beijing National Stadium, also known as the bird's nest will be the main track and field stadium for the 2008 Summer Olympics and will be host to the Opening and Closing ceremonies. In 2002 Government officials engaged architects worldwide in a design competition. Pritzker Prize-winning architects Herzog & de Meuron collaborated with ArupSport and China Architecture Design & Research Group to win the competition. The stadium will seat as many as 100,000 spectators during the Olympics, but this will be reduced to 80,000 after the games. It has replaced the original intended venue of the Guangdong Olympic Stadium. The stadium is 330 metres long by 220 metres wide, and is 69.2 metres tall. The 250,000 square metre (gross floor area) stadium is to be built with 36 km of unwrapped steel, with a combined weight of 45,000 tonnes. The stadium will cost up to 3.5 billion yuan (422,873,850 USD/ 325,395,593 EUR). The ground was broken in December 2003, and construction started in March 2004, but was halted by the high construction cost in August 2004.
In the new design, the roof of the stadium had been omitted from the design. Experts say that this will make the stadium safer, whilst reducing construction costs. The construction of the Olympic buildings will continue once again in the beginning of 2005.
In depth
The stadium's appearance is one of synergy, with no distinction made between the facade and the superstructure. The structural elements mutually support each other and converge into a grid-like formation - almost like a bird's nest with its interwoven twigs. The spatial effect of the stadium is novel and radical, yet simple and of an almost archaic immediacy, thus creating a unique historical landmark for the Olympics of 2008.
The stadium was conceived as a large collective vessel, which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression both from a distance and when seen from up close. It meets all the functional and technical requirements of an Olympic National Stadium, but without communicating the insistent sameness of technocratic architecture dominated by large spans and digital screens.
Visitors walk through this formation and enter the spacious ambulatory that runs full circle around the stands. From there, one can survey the circulation of the entire area including the stairs that access the three tiers of the stands. Functioning like an arcade or a concourse, the lobby is a covered urban space with restaurants and stores that invite visitors to stroll around. Just as birds stuff the spaces between the woven twigs of their nests with a soft filler, the spaces in the structure of the stadium will be filled with inflated ETFE cushions. Originally, on the roof, the cushions were to be mounted on the outside of the structure to make the roof completely weatherproof, but the roof has been omitted from the design in 2004.
While the rain was to be collected for rainwater recuperation, the sunlight was to filter through the translucent roof, providing the lawn with essential ultraviolet radiation. On the facade, the inflated cushions will be mounted on the inside of the structure where necessary, e.g. to provide wind protection. Since all of the facilities -- restaurants, suites, shops and restrooms -- are all self-contained units, it is possible to do largely without a solid, enclosed facade. This allows for natural ventilation of the stadium, which is the most important aspect of the stadium's sustainable design.
The sliding roof was an integral part of the stadium structure. When it was to be closed, it would have converted the stadium into a covered arena; however, the sliding roof was eliminated in an effort to cut costs and increase overall safety of the radical new structure.
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第1个回答 2008-12-20
BEIJING, July 23 (Xinhua) -- A senior Beijing Olympic official said here Wednesday that Beijing is confident of dealing with any kind of security threat and will present the world a safe and peaceful Olympics.
"All work related to Olympic security is in full swing and security personnel and equipment are all in place," Liu Shaowu, director of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG) security department, said at a press conference.
Liu said Beijing has deployed nearly 110,000 personnel, including policemen, army troops and volunteers, and mobilized the whole society to ensure the security of the Games.
Beijing's tight security measures could be easily sensed as the Olympics draws near. From anti-terrorism drills to halt of flights during the opening ceremony, Beijing is taking every possible measure to ward off potential security threat.
Peripheral fences now encircle all Olympic venues, the Olympic Village and the Olympic headquarters hotels. Monitoring and alarm facilities have been installed with personnel and vehicle security checkpoints set up.
Armed police with dogs began round-the-clock patrols at the capital's four railway stations, including the renovated one in a southern district that hasn't yet opened. Air, rail and long-distance bus facilities are also on heightened alert.
In the wake of bus explosion cases in southwestern Yunnan province, Beijing security departments have also intensified security checks at bus stations and to public vehicle.
"Painstaking efforts have been made to strengthen community patrols, crack down on various criminal activities, tighten management of dangerous goods and deploy security personnel in crucial Olympic sites," Liu said. "All in an unprecedented efforts to eliminate potential safety hazards in a timely manner."
In response to complaints that the security measures are being "excessive" and make the Olympics less joyful, Liu said the measures followed the successful experience of previous host cities.
"Olympic Games is a large-scale sports event that we've never experienced... With huge number of people coming to China, international terrorist forces are seeking chances. Therefore, we have to intensify the security efforts," Liu said.
"We've noticed certain complaints. We'll pay attention and try our best to make the Games safe and peaceful," he said.
Asked whether foreign athletes will be allowed to demonstrate their political views through non-violence means at the opening ceremony, Liu said the Olympic Charter has made it clear that "no kind of demonstration of political, religious or racial propagandais permitted in any Olympic sites, venues or areas."
"People participating the Olympic Games, including athletes and coaches, should observe the regulations of the International Olympic Committee," he said.
But the official said Beijing did designate several parks for protests.
"During the Olympics, in order to ensure a smooth traffic, nice environment and good social order, we would like to ask protestors to go to the designated parks," he said, adding it is also a common practice of some countries.
The official declined to answer how much money Beijing has spent on security, saying that while trying to ensure a safe Olympics, the BOCOG will also spend the money in a thrift way.
"All work related to Olympic security is in full swing and security personnel and equipment are all in place," Liu Shaowu, director of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (BOCOG) security department, said at a press conference.
Liu said Beijing has deployed nearly 110,000 personnel, including policemen, army troops and volunteers, and mobilized the whole society to ensure the security of the Games.
Beijing's tight security measures could be easily sensed as the Olympics draws near. From anti-terrorism drills to halt of flights during the opening ceremony, Beijing is taking every possible measure to ward off potential security threat.
Peripheral fences now encircle all Olympic venues, the Olympic Village and the Olympic headquarters hotels. Monitoring and alarm facilities have been installed with personnel and vehicle security checkpoints set up.
Armed police with dogs began round-the-clock patrols at the capital's four railway stations, including the renovated one in a southern district that hasn't yet opened. Air, rail and long-distance bus facilities are also on heightened alert.
In the wake of bus explosion cases in southwestern Yunnan province, Beijing security departments have also intensified security checks at bus stations and to public vehicle.
"Painstaking efforts have been made to strengthen community patrols, crack down on various criminal activities, tighten management of dangerous goods and deploy security personnel in crucial Olympic sites," Liu said. "All in an unprecedented efforts to eliminate potential safety hazards in a timely manner."
In response to complaints that the security measures are being "excessive" and make the Olympics less joyful, Liu said the measures followed the successful experience of previous host cities.
"Olympic Games is a large-scale sports event that we've never experienced... With huge number of people coming to China, international terrorist forces are seeking chances. Therefore, we have to intensify the security efforts," Liu said.
"We've noticed certain complaints. We'll pay attention and try our best to make the Games safe and peaceful," he said.
Asked whether foreign athletes will be allowed to demonstrate their political views through non-violence means at the opening ceremony, Liu said the Olympic Charter has made it clear that "no kind of demonstration of political, religious or racial propagandais permitted in any Olympic sites, venues or areas."
"People participating the Olympic Games, including athletes and coaches, should observe the regulations of the International Olympic Committee," he said.
But the official said Beijing did designate several parks for protests.
"During the Olympics, in order to ensure a smooth traffic, nice environment and good social order, we would like to ask protestors to go to the designated parks," he said, adding it is also a common practice of some countries.
The official declined to answer how much money Beijing has spent on security, saying that while trying to ensure a safe Olympics, the BOCOG will also spend the money in a thrift way.
第2个回答 2008-12-21
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第3个回答 2008-12-20
Liu Xiang, a Shanghai native, was born on July 13, 1983. His height is 188cm , weight 74kg . Singing and the computer are his hobbies. In March, 1999, he entered the Shanghai track and field team and one year later, he was admitted to the National Youth Team. Sun Haiping has been training him. In 2002, he won the gold modals in the men’s 110m hurdles at the Asian Games and the Asian Championships. The next year, he took third in the 60m hurdles at the World Indoor Championships in England . At the Athens Olympic Games on August 27, 2004. Liu won the men’s 110m hurdles final in 12.91 seconds, equaling the world record set and breaking the Olympic record.
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